(Prunella vulgaris ssp. lanceolata)
Conservation • Wetland • Description • Habitat • Biology • Use • Distribution • Taxonomy
Conservation Status |
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IUCN Red List | not listed |
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NatureServe | N5 - Secure SNA - No Status Rank |
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Minnesota | not listed |
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Wetland Indicator Status |
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Great Plains | FAC - Facultative |
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Midwest | FAC - Facultative |
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Northcentral & Northeast | FAC - Facultative |
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Description |
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Lance selfheal is a 4″ to 20″ tall, perennial forb that rises on one or more stems from fibrous roots. The stems can be drooping, almost laying flat on the ground, to almost erect. They are unbranched, 4-angled, and winged. The leaves are opposite, lance-shaped to oblong lance-shaped, ⅝″ to 1½″ long, and ¼″ to ⅜″ wide. The middle stem leaves are ⅓ as wide as long. They are on ¼″ to 1″ long leaf stalks. The upper and lower surfaces are hairless or have sparse, long, soft, shaggy, unmatted hairs. The margins are untoothed. The inflorescence is an egg-shaped, ¾″ to 2″ long, and ⅝″ to ¾″ wide spike of many flowers at the end of the stem. The flowers are ⅜″ to ¾″ long. There are 5 petals fused at the base into a tube about ⅛″ long, then separated into an upper and lower lip. The upper lip is purple, almost round, hood-like, about 3 ⁄16″ in diameter, and notched at the tip. The lower lip is white and about half as long as the upper lip. It is divided into 3 lobes, a large central lobe and 2 smaller lateral lobes. The lateral lobes are about 1 ⁄16″ long and spreading. The central lobe is about ⅛″ long, strongly bent downward, and fringed at the tip. There are 4 stamens that are concealed under the hood. The fruit is a smooth brownish-yellow nutlet about 1 ⁄16″ long. |
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Height |
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4″ to 20″ |
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Flower Color |
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Purple to violet-blue |
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Similar Species |
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Common self-heal (Prunella vulgaris ssp. vulgaris) leaves tend to be a little longer and much wider. They are egg-shaped to oblong egg-shaped, up to 2⅜″ long, and up to 1″ wide. The middle stem leaves are ½ as wide as long. The upper surface is almost hairless or is covered with very small, coarse, stiff hairs. The lower surface is almost hairless. The margins are wavy. |
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Habitat |
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Disturbed sites. |
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Biology |
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Flowering |
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June to October |
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Pests and Diseases |
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Use |
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Distribution |
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Sources |
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5/5/2023 | ||||
Nativity |
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Native |
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Occurrence |
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Taxonomy |
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Kingdom | Plantae (green algae and land plants) | ||
Subkingdom | Viridiplantae (green plants) | ||
Infrakingdom | Streptophyta (land plants and green algae) | ||
Superdivision | Embryophyta (land plants) | ||
Division | Tracheophyta (vascular plants) | ||
Subdivision | Spermatophytina (seed plants) | ||
Class | Magnoliopsida (flowering plants) | ||
Superorder | Asteranae | ||
Order |
Lamiales (mints, plantains, olives, and allies) | ||
Family |
Lamiaceae (mint) | ||
Subfamily | Nepetoideae | ||
Tribe | Mentheae | ||
Subtribe |
Prunellinae (cleonias, dragonmouths, and selfheals) | ||
Genus | Prunella (selfheals) | ||
Species | Prunella vulgaris (common self-heal) | ||
Synonyms |
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Prunella vulgaris var. elongata Prunella vulgaris var. lanceolata |
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Common Names |
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common all-heal common self-heal heal-all healall lance selfheal lance self-heal lawn prunella self-heal selfheal |
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Glossary
Wing
A thin, flat, membranous, usually transparent appendage on the margin of a structure.
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