(Viola canadensis var. rugulosa)
Conservation • Wetland • Description • Habitat • Biology • Use • Distribution • Taxonomy
Description |
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Canadian white violet is a 8″ to 16″ tall, erect, perennial forb that rises from superficial rhizomes. It is colonial by producing horizontal stems (stolons) that grow along the ground, rooting and sending up new plants at the nodes. The stems are erect, leafy, and usually hairy. Leaves and flowers appear on the same stem. Basal leaves large and on long stalks. They are heart-shaped at the base and taper to a point at the tip with straight sides along the tip. Stem leaves are alternate and are similar to the basal leaves only narrower. They are 2″ to 4″ long and usually wider than they are long. Lower stem leaves are widely spaced. Upper stem leaves are larger and more densely crowded. There are small, lance egg-shaped, untoothed stipules at the base of the flower stalks. The inflorescence is a single flower rising on a slender stalk rising from the upper leaf axils. The flowers are 1″ to 1½″ wide. There are 5 white petals in an arranged typical of violets, two upper, two lateral, and a broad lower lip. The petals are yellow near the center. The lateral and lower petals have dark purple veins near the center. The lateral petals have tufts of hair near the center (bearded). All petals, but especially the two upper ones, are purplish on the outside. The fruit is a capsule just under ½″ long. When the plant is in fruit the stipules dry and translucent. |
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Height |
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8″ to 16″ |
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Flower Color |
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White with yellow centers |
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Similar Species |
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Habitat |
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Moderate moisture. Woods. |
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Biology |
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Flowering |
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April to June |
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Use |
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Distribution |
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Sources |
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1/18/2012 | ||||
Nativity |
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Native |
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Occurrence |
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Taxonomy |
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Kingdom | Plantae (green algae and land plants) | ||
Subkingdom | Viridiplantae (green plants) | ||
Infrakingdom | Streptophyta (land plants and green algae) | ||
Superdivision | Embryophyta (land plants) | ||
Division | Tracheophyta (vascular plants) | ||
Subdivision | Spermatophytina (seed plants) | ||
Class | Magnoliopsida (flowering plants) | ||
Superorder | Rosanae | ||
Order |
Malpighiales (nances, willows, and allies) | ||
Family |
Violaceae (violet) | ||
Subfamily | Violoideae | ||
Tribe | Violeae | ||
Genus | Viola (violet) | ||
Synonyms |
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Viola rugulosa | |||
Common Names |
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Canada violet Canadian violet Canadian white violet creeping-root violet creepingroot violet tall white violet |
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Glossary
Axil
The upper angle where the leaf stalk meets the stem.
Bearded
Bearing one or more tufts of hairs.
Rhizome
A horizontal, usually underground stem. It serves as a reproductive structure, producing roots below and shoots above at the nodes.
Stipule
A small, leaf-like appendage at the base of a leaf stalk or flower stalk.
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Slideshows |
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Other Videos | |||
Minnesota Native Plant - Canada Violet (Viola Canadensis) MNNativePlants |
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About
Published on Jun 18, 2013 The Canada Violet (Viola Canadensis) is the subject of this video about Minnesota Native Plants. Thanks for watching! |
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