goldenrods

(Solidago spp.)

Overview
goldenrod (Solidago sp.)
Photo by Alfredo Colon
 

Solidago is a genus of perennial, herbaceous, flowering plants called goldenrods. It has a worldwide distribution, occuring on every continent except Antarctica. There are about 100 species of goldenrod worldwide, at least 77 in North America north of Mexico, and 16 in Minnesota. Most are native to North America, 8 are native in Mexico, 4 in South America, and 6 to 10 in Europe and Asia. Most are found in prairies and other open areas, a few are woodland species.

Goldenrods have an undeserved reputation for causing hay fever because they are showy and grow in the same locations and in close proximity to ragweeds.

 
           
 
Description
 
 

Goldenrods have composite flower heads with short ray florets and short disk florets. Most rise from underground creeping stems; have leafy, erect or ascending stems; and have yellow corollas.

 
     
 
Distribution
 
 

Distribution Map

 

Sources

2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 24, 28, 29, 30.

 
  10/23/2021      
         
 
Taxonomy
 
  Kingdom Plantae (green algae and land plants)  
  Subkingdom Viridiplantae (green plants)  
  Infrakingdom Streptophyta (land plants and green algae)  
  Superdivision Embryophyta (land plants)  
  Division Tracheophyta (vascular plants)  
  Subdivision Spermatophytina (seed plants)  
  Class Magnoliopsida (flowering plants)  
  Superorder Asteranae  
 

Order

Asterales (sunflowers, bellflowers, fanflowers, and allies)  
 

Family

Asteraceae (sunflowers, daisies, asters, and allies)  
  Subfamily Asteroideae  
  Supertribe Asterodae  
  Tribe Astereae (asters and allies)  
  Subtribe

Solidagininae

 
       
 

Subordinate Taxa

 
 

Section Ptarmicoidei

prairie goldenrod (Solidago ptarmicoides)

Riddell’s goldenrod (Solidago riddellii)

stiff goldenrod (Solidago rigida)

 

Section Solidago

Subsection Argutae

rough-leaved goldenrod (Solidago patula)

 

Subsection Glomeruliflorae

zigzag goldenrod (Solidago flexicaulis)

 

Subsection Junceae

early goldenrod (Solidago juncea)

Missouri goldenrod (Solidago missouriensis)

 

Subsection Maritimae

northern bog goldenrod (Solidago uliginosa)

 

Subsection Nemorales

gray goldenrod (Solidago nemoralis)

velvety goldenrod (Solidago mollis)

 

Subsection Squarrosae

cliff goldenrod (Solidago sciaphila)

hairy goldenrod (Solidago hispida)

showy goldenrod (Solidago speciosa)

 

Subsection Triplinerviae

Canada goldenrod (Solidago canadensis)

giant goldenrod (Solidago gigantea)

late goldenrod (Solidago altissima)

 

Subsection Venosae

elm-leaved goldenrod (Solidago ulmifolia var. ulmifolia)

 
       
 

Synonyms

 
 

X Solidaster

 
       
 

Common Names

 
 

goldenrods

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
Visitor Photos
 
           
 

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Alfredo Colon

 
    goldenrod (Solidago sp.)   goldenrod (Solidago sp.)  
           
    goldenrod (Solidago sp.)      
 

Nancy Falkum

 
 

Golden Rod with Leonard’s Skipper

 
    goldenrod (Solidago sp.)      
           
 
MinnesotaSeasons.com Photos
 
 

 

 
           

 

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Visitor Videos
 
       
 

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Visitor Sightings
 
           
 

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  Alfredo Colon
8/2/2022

Location: Albany, NY

goldenrod (Solidago sp.)  
  Nancy Falkum
9/18/2021

Location: Kellogg Weaver Dunes SNA, Weaver Dunes Unit

Golden Rod with Leonard’s Skipper

goldenrod (Solidago sp.)  
  Alfredo Colon
8/2/2019

Location: Woodbury, Minnesota

goldenrod (Solidago sp.)  
           
 
MinnesotaSeasons.com Sightings
 
 

 

 

 

 

Binoculars


Created: 11/18/2019

Last Updated:

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