Minnesota Ants, Bees, Wasps and Sawflies
Order Hymenoptera |
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Hymenoptera (ants, bees, wasps and sawflies) is the order of insects that is characterized by having two pairs of membranous wings and an ovipositor specialized for stinging or piercing. The order includes ants, bees, wasps, hornets, sawflies, and horntails. There are about 125,000 known species worldwide, about 18,000 species in more than 2,000 genera in North America north of Mexico. More than 1,000 species have been collected at Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve in Anoka County, Minnesota. |
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Recent Additions |
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Taschenberg’s long-necked ant |
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Taschenberg’s long-necked ant (Dolichoderus taschenbergi) is a small odorous ant. It occurs in the United States from Maine to North Dakota, south to Georgia and Louisiana, and in Canada from Nova Scotia to Manitoba. It is uncommon throughout its range but is most abundant in the north. It is found in open areas including old fields, woodland edges, and bogs. It forms huge colonies, often with multiple queens and more than 10,000 workers. It constructs igloo-shaped dome nests, 2″ to 8″ in height, using grasses, sphagnum mosses, spruce and pine needles, and other shredded vegetation. It the spring it can sometimes be found massed above ground warming in the sun. Workers are uniformly colored. The overall color is sometimes interpreted as “dark brownish-black”, sometimes as “all black”, sometimes as “jet black”. The head and front part of the body are dull, the rear of the body is shiny. The last segment of the front part of the body (propodeum) is an important identifying feature. When viewed from above, the propodeum is squarish, about as long as wide. When viewed from the side, the propodeum is distinctly concave and has the appearance of a bottle opener. |
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| Photo by Luciearl | ||||
Elm leafminer |
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Elm leafminer (Fenusa ulmi) is a very small common sawfly. It is native to eastern Europe and Scandinavia. It was brought to North America most likely on imported elms. It now occurs in the United States from New England to the upper Midwest, in the Pacific Northwest, and in southeast Canada. Based on the scarcity of reports, it is still relatively uncommon in Minnesota. Adults are small and dark colored. Due to the small size of the adult, elm leafminer is most often identified by the damage the larva causes to its host plant. Mines are seen from mid-May to early June on American elm and slippery elm. The larva feeds between the upper and lower surfaces of the leaf. It creates a serpentine mine at first. That soon develops into a small blotch between two lateral veins, later into a large blotch on one side if the midrib. The mines are clear and the flattened, whitish-green or yellowish-white larva can be seen when viewing the upper side of the leaf. The infected part of the leaf turns brown and eventually falls off. A heavy infestation may cause the entire tree to defoliate, but the infected tree flushes again and survives. |
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Black-and-gold bumble bee |
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Black-and-gold bumble bee (Bombus auricomus) is common, large, colonial bumble bee. It occurs in North America east of the Rocky mountains. It is common in southern Minnesota, less common in the north. It is one of the largest bumble bees in Minnesota. Females (worker bees) are up to ¾″ long. It is found in grasslands and open areas. It lives in small colonies of about 35 workers. Black-and-gold bumble bee is identified by its large size; there is a patch of yellow hairs on the back of the head; the thorax that is yellow on the front third, black on the rear two thirds, and has a very narrow yellow band at the rear; and the abdomen is black except for the entirely yellow second and third segments. |
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| Photo by Gerry Garcia | ||||
Nomad bee (Nomada spp.) |
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There are more than 850 species of nomad bee (Nomada sp.) worldwide, more than 280 species in North America. Like other cuckoo bees (subfamily Nomadinae), nomad bees do not construct nests, but lay their eggs in the nests of ground-nesting bees. One to four eggs are laid in the cell wall of the host nest. The larvae have large, outward-facing, scissor-like mandibles. The first larva to emerge destroys all the other eggs, both those of the host and those of its own siblings. It consumes the pollen provisioned by its host, and emerges as an adult the same time as the host adults emerge. Nomad bees are usually black, black and red, or entirely red, with yellow, white, and/or red markings. Many species have red legs. The genus Nomada includes the only bees in North America that are entirely red. They have short, thin, and inconspicuous hairs on the body and no pollen-collecting hairs (scopa) on the hind legs. They look more like wasps than a bees. |
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| Photo by Alfredo Colon | ||||
Downy yellowjacket |
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Downy yellowjacket (Vespula flavopilosa) is an uncommon, medium-sized, predatory, social wasp. It is found in the northeastern United States from Minnesota to Maine, south to Virginia, and along the Appalachian mountains to northern Georgia. It closely resembles eastern yellowjacket. It is thought by some to be a hybrid between eastern and common yellowjackets. Others suggest that it probably arose as a hybrid but now queens mate with drones of the same species. The overwintering queen emerges from hibernation in April or May. She builds a nest of 20 to 45 cells and cares for the grubs as they hatch. In about 30 days the workers emerge and take over nest building duties. Through spring and summer the queen produces a large number of worker wasps. In mid-summer, the nest grows exponentially, as more and more workers become available, ultimately with 3,500 to 15,000 cells. Only the new queens survive the winter, hibernating under loose tree bark, in a decaying stump, or in another sheltered location. In eastern North America, four yellowjacket species, common, downy, eastern, and German yellowjackets, closely resemble each other, making identification difficult. Downy yellowjacket is distinguished from the others by a continuous, uninterrupted yellow band on the face below the compound eye; and by the shape and pattern of black markings on the first and second abdominal segments. |
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| Photo by Bill Reynolds | ||||
Other Recent Additions |
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common sawflies (Craterocercus spp.) icy mound ant (Formica glacialis) fusca-group field ants (Formica fusca group) common sawflies (Periclista spp.) eastern cicada-killer wasp (Sphecius speciosus) Greene’s giant ichneumonid wasp (Megarhyssa greenei) |
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| Photo by Babette Kis | ||||
This list includes only ants, bees, wasps and sawflies that have been recorded in Minnesota, but not all of the ants, bees, wasps and sawflies found in Minnesota. |
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Acroricnus stylator aequatus (ichneumonid wasp) Agapostemon sericeus (silky striped sweat bee) Agapostemon splendens (brown-winged striped sweat bee) Agapostemon spp. (striped sweat bees) Agapostemon texanus (Texas striped sweat bee) Agapostemon virescens (bicolored striped sweat bee) Aleiodes abdominalis (orange-bellied mummy wasp) Aleiodes terminalis (terminal mummy wasp) Allantus cinctus (curled rose sawfly) Alysson oppositus (crabonid wasp) Ammophila nigricans (thread-waisted wasp) Ammophila pictipennis (thread-waisted wasp) Ammophila procera (common thread-waisted wasp) Amphibolips confluenta (spongy oak apple gall wasp) Amphibolips cookii (oak gall wasp) Amphibolips nubilipennis (translucent oak gall wasp) Amphibolips quercusinanis (larger empty oak apple wasp) Amphibolips quercusjuglans (acorn plum gall wasp) Ancistrocerus adiabatus (bramble mason wasp) Ancistrocerus albophaleratus (white-banded potter wasp) Ancistrocerus antilope (lobed mason wasp) Ancistrocerus campestris (smiling mason wasp) Ancistrocerus catskill (Catskill potter wasp) Ancistrocerus gazella (European tube wasp) Ancistrocerus parietum (wall mason wasp) Ancistrocerus spp. (potter and mason wasps) Ancistrocerus spinolae (Spinola’s mason wasp) Ancistrocerus unifasciatus (one-banded mason wasp) Ancistrocerus waldenii (Walden’s potter wasp) Andrena alleghaniensis (Allegheny mining bee) Andrena bradleyi (Bradley’s mining bee) Andrena brevipalpis (short-tongued miner bee) Andrena commoda (commodius miner bee) Andrena erythrogaster (red-tailed mining bee) Andrena geranii (waterleaf mining bee) Andrena hirticincta (hairy-banded mining bee) Andrena integra (bare dogwood miner) Andrena mariae (Maria miner bee) Andrena milwaukeensis (Milwaukee mining bee) Andrena miserabilis (miserable mining bee) Andrena nasonii (Nason’s mining bee) Andrena nubecula (cloudy-winged miner bee) Andrena placata (peaceful mining bee) Andrena platyparia (plated miner bee) Andrena rudbeckiae (coneflower mining bee) Andrena Subgenus Cnemidandrena (mining bees) Andrena Subgenus Melandrena (mining bees) Andrena thaspii (parsnip miner bee) Andricus quercuslanigera (wool-bearing gall wasp) Anoplius semicinctus (half-belted blue-black spider wasp) Anthophila (bees) Anthophora terminalis (orange-tipped wood-digger bee) Apis mellifera (western honey bee) Arcotomus succinctus (ichneumonid wasp) Argidae (argid sawflies) Argogorytes nigrifrons (sand wasp) Aritranis director (ichneumonid wasp) Astata spp. (square-headed wasps, sand wasps, and allies) Astata unicolor (crabonid wasp) Atanycolus charus (braconid wasp) Atanycolus crassicruris (braconid wasp) Atanycolus longicauda (braconid wasp) Atanycolus nigropyga (braconid wasp) Atanycolus niteofrons (braconid wasp) Atanycolus rugosiventris (braconid wasp) Atanycolus simplex (braconid wasp) Atanycolus spp. (braconid wasp) Atanycolus ulmicola (braconid wasp) Atomacera debilis (trefoil sawfly) Augochlora pura (pure green sweat bee) Augochlorella aurata (golden sweat bee) Tribe Augochlorini (augochlorine sweat bees) Augochloropsis metallica (metallic epauletted-sweat bee) Augochloropsis sumptuosa (augochlorine sweat bee) Auplopus archictectus (spider wasp) Auplopus caerulescens (spider wasp) Auplopus mellipes variitarsatus (spider wasp) Auplopus nigrellus (spider wasp) Bembix americana (American sand wasp) Bicyrtes quadrifasciatus (four-banded stink bug hunter wasp) Bombus affinis (rusty-patched bumble bee) Bombus auricomus (black-and-gold bumble bee) Bombus bimaculatus (two-spotted bumble bee) Bombus borealis (northern amber bumble bee) Bombus citrinus (lemon cuckoo bumble bee) Bombus fernaldae (Fernald's cuckoo bumble bee) Bombus fervidus (golden northern bumble bee) Bombus frigidus (frigid bumble bee) Bombus griseocollis (brown-belted bumble bee) Bombus huntii (Hunt’s bumble bee) Bombus impatiens (common eastern bumble bee) Bombus insularis (indiscriminate cuckoo bumble bee) Bombus nevadensis (Nevada bumble bee) Bombus pensylvanicus (American bumble bee) Bombus perplexus (confusing bumble bee) Bombus rufocinctus (red-belted bumble bee) Bombus sandersoni (Sanderson’s bumble bee) Bombus ternarius (tricolored bumble bee) Bombus terricola (yellow-banded bumble bee) Bombus vagans (half-black bumble bee) Caliadurgus fasciatellus (spider wasp) Caliroa cerasi (pear sawfly) Calliopsis andreniformis (eastern miner bee) Callirhytis quercus punctata (gouty oak gall wasp) Camponotus nearcticus (smaller carpenter ant) Camponotus novaeboracensis (New York carpenter ant) Camponotus pennsylvanicus (eastern black carpenter ant) Caulocampus acericaulis (maple petiole borer) Ceratina calcarata (spurred ceratina) Ceratina spp. (small carpenter bees) Ceratina subg. Zadontomerus (small carpenter bees) Cerceris halone (weevil wasp) Charops annulipes (ichneumonid wasp) Chrysididae (cuckoo wasps) Chrysis angolensis (metallic bluish-green cuckoo wasp) Chrysura smaragdula (cuckoo wasp) Coelioxys alternatus (alternate cuckoo-leaf-cutter bee) Coelioxys octodentata (eight-toothed cuckoo leaf-cutter bee) Colletes aberrans (aberrant cellophane bee) Colletes albescens (white cellophane bee) Colletes americanus (American cellophane bee) Colletes andrewsi (Andrew’s cellophane bee) Colletes brevicornis (short-horned cellophane bee) Colletes compactus (aster cellophane bee) Colletes consors (kindred cellophane bee) Colletes eulophi (cellophane bee) Colletes hyalinus (hyaline cellophane bee) Colletes impunctatus (impunctate cellophane bee) Colletes inaequalis (unequal cellophane bee) Colletes kincaidii (Kincaid’s cellophane bee) Colletes latitarsis (broad-footed cellophane bee) Colletes mandibularis (mandibular cellophane bee) Colletes nudud (sumac cellophane bee) Colletes phaceliae (scorpionweed plasterer bee) Colletes robertsonii (Robertson’s plasterer bee) Colletes rufocinctus (red-belted plasterer bee cellophane bee) Colletes simulans (spine-shouldered cellophane bee) Colletes solidaginis (goldenrod cellophane bee) Colletes speculiferus (beach dune cellophane bee) Colletes spp. (cellophane bees) Colletes susannae (Susanna’s cellophane bee) Colletes validus (blueberry cellophane bee) Colletes willistoni (Williston’s cellophane bee) Colletes wilmattae (Wilmatte’s plasterer bee) Colpotrochia trifasciata (ichneumonid wasp) Cosmoconus canadensis (ichneumonid wasp) Cosmoconus spp. (ichneumonid wasps) Crabro spp. (shield-handed wasps) Crabroninae (square-headed wasps) Crabronini (square-headed wasp) Craterocercus spp. (common sawflies) Cratichneumon annulatipes (ichneumonid wasp) Cratichneumon paratus (ichneumonid wasp) Cratichneumon pteridis (ichneumonid wasp) Cratichneumon spp. (ichneumonid wasps) Cratichneumon sublatus (ichneumonid wasp) Cratichneumon tyloidifer (ichneumonid wasp) Cratichneumon unifasciatorius (ichneumonid wasp) Cratichneumon vescus (ichneumonid wasp) Cratichneumon vinnulus (ichneumonid wasp) Cratichneumon w-album (ichneumonid wasp) Croesus latitarsus (dusky birch sawfly) Cynips quercusfolii (cherry gall wasp) Dasymutilla spp. (velvet ants) Diadegma spp. (ichneumonid wasps) Diastrophus kincaidii (thimbleberry stem gall wasp) Dieunomia heteropoda (sunflower nomia) Diplolepis bicolor (spiny rose gall wasp) Diplolepis rosae (mossy rose gall wasp) Diplolepis spinosa (spiny rose stem gall wasp) Diprion similis (introduced pine sawfly) Disholcaspis quercusglobulus (round bulletgall wasp) Disholcaspis quercusmamma (oak rough bulletgall wasp) Dolichoderus mariae (Mary’s long-necked ant) Dolichoderus plagiatus (mottled long-necked ant) Dolichoderus taschenbergi (Taschenberg’s long-necked ant) Dolichovespula arenaria (common aerial yellowjacket) Dolichovespula maculata (bald-faced hornet) Dorymyrmex insanus (pyramid ant) Dufourea monardae (beebalm shortface) Ectemnius maculosus (square-headed wasp) Endelomyia aethiops (roseslug) Epeolus bifasciatus (two-banded cellophane-cuckoo bee) Epeolus scutellaris (notch-backed cellophane-cuckoo bee) Ephialtes macer (ichneumonid wasp) Eremnophila aureonotata (gold-marked thread-waisted wasp) Eriocampa juglandis (butternut woollyworm) Eucera atriventris (black-tailed long-horned bee) Eucera hamata (hook-spurred longhorn) Eumenes bollii (potter or mason wasp) Eumenes crucifera-nearcticus (cross potter wasp) Eumenes fraternus (fraternal potter wasp) Eumenes verticalis (vertical potter wasp) Eumeninae (potter and mason wasps) Euodynerus annulatus (ringed mason wasp) Euodynerus boscii (potter or mason wasp) Euodynerus crypticus (cryptic mason wasp) Euodynerus foraminatus (pitted mason wasp) Euodynerus hidalgo (Hidalgo mason wasp) Euodynerus leucomelas (black-and-white mason wasp) Euodynerus spp. (potter and mason wasps) Exochus dorsalis (ichneumonid wasp) Forelius pruinosus (high noon ant) Formica argentea (silvery field ant) Formica dolosa (wily field ant) Formica exsectoides (Allegheny mound ant) Formica fossaceps (pitted mound ant) Formica fusca group (fusca-group field ants) Formica glacialis (icy mound ant) Formica incerta (uncertain field ant) Formica lasioides (fuzzy mound ant) Formica montana (prairie mound ant) Formica neogagates (New World mound ant) Formica neorufibarbis (red-bearded mound ant) Formica obscuripes (western thatching ant) Formica obscuriventris (northern red wood ant) Formica pallidefulva (pale field ant) Formica pallidefulva group (pallidefulva-group field ants) Formica podzolica (podzol mound ant) Formica rubicunda (ruddy slave-making mound ant) Formica sanguinea (blood-red ant) Formica spp. (wood, mound, and field ants) Formica subaenescens (light bronze mound ant) Formica subsericea (somewhat silky mound ant) Formica ulkei (Ulke’s ant) Gasteruption assectator (wild carrot wasp) Gasteruption spp. (carrot wasps) Gelis meabilis (ichneumonid wasp) Glypta spp. (ichneumonid wasps) Halictinae (sweat and furrow bees) Halictus confusus (confusing furrow bee) Halictus ligatus (ligated furrow bee) Halictus parallelus (parallel-striped sweat bee) Halictus rubicundus (orange-legged furrow bee) Hedychrum confusum (cuckoo wasp) Heriades carinata (resin bee) Hoplitis spoliata (dilated-horned small-mason) Hylaeus affinis (eastern yellow-faced bee) Hylaeus annulatus (annulate masked bee) Hylaeus basalis (cinquefoil yellow-faced bee) Hylaeus fedorica (yellow-faced bee) Hylaeus floridanus (Florida masked bee) Hylaeus leptocephalus (slender-faced yellow-faced bee) Hylaeus mesillae (Mesilla yellow-faced bee) Hylaeus modestus modestus (modest masked bee) Hylaeus rudbeckiae (rudbeckia yellow-faced bee) Hylaeus saniculae (sanicle yellow-faced bee) Hylaeus verticalis (vertical yellow-faced bee) Ichneumonidae (ichneumonid wasps) Isodontia mexicana (Mexican grass-carrying wasp) Kocourekia spp. (chalcidoid wasps) Lasioglossum abanci (Abanc’s sweat bee) Lasioglossum admirandum (admirable sweat bee) Lasioglossum albipenne (white-winged sweat bee) Lasioglossum anomalum (anomalous sweat bee) Lasioglossum apertum (metallic sweat bee) Lasioglossum basilicum (metallic sweat bee) Lasioglossum bruneri (Bruner’s sweat bee) Lasioglossum cinctipes (band-footed sweat bee) Lasioglossum coeruleum (deep blue sweat bee) Lasioglossum coriaceum (leathery sweat bee) Lasioglossum cressonii (Cresson’s sweat bee) Lasioglossum dreisbachi (Dreisbach’s sweat bee) Lasioglossum forbesii (Forbes’s sweat bee) Lasioglossum heterognathus (wide-mouthed sweat bee) Lasioglossum illinoense (horseshoe sweat bee) Lasioglossum imitatum (bristle sweat bee) Lasioglossum junaluskense (metallic sweat bee) Lasioglossum laevissimum (very smooth sweat bee) Lasioglossum leucocomus (white-haired golden sweat bee) Lasioglossum leucozonium (white-zoned furrow bee) Lasioglossum lineatulum (lineolated sweat bee) Lasioglossum macoupinense (Macoupin County sweat bee) Lasioglossum nelumbonis (water-lily sweat bee) Lasioglossum nigroviride (black-and-green metallic sweat bee) Lasioglossum nymphaearum (Ocean Grove sweat bee) Lasioglossum nymphale (metallic sweat bee) Lasioglossum oblongum (oblong sweat bee) Lasioglossum obscurum (obscure sweat bee) Lasioglossum orbitatum (metallic sweat bee) Lasioglossum paradmirandum (stunning sweat bee) Lasioglossum paraforbesii (bald-spot sweat bee) Lasioglossum pectorale (dull-breasted sweat bee) Lasioglossum perpunctatum (densely punctured sweat bee) Lasioglossum pictum (decorated sweat bee) Lasioglossum pilosum (hairy sweat bee) Lasioglossum platyparium (metalic sweat bee) Lasioglossum pruinosum (hoary sweat bee) Lasioglossum rohweri (metallic sweat bee) Lasioglossum rozeni (metalic sweat bee) Lasioglossum sandhouseae (metallic sweat bee) Lasioglossum semicaeruleum (half-blue sweat bee) Lasioglossum spp. (sweat and furrow bees) Lasioglossum Subgenus Dialictus (metalic sweat bee) Lasioglossum subviridatum (western green sweat bee) Lasioglossum succinipenne (amber-winged sweat bee) Lasioglossum tegulare species group (wide-shouldered sweat bee) Lasioglossum unicum (metallic sweat bee) Lasioglossum versans (friendless sweat bee) Lasioglossum versatum (experienced sweat bee) Lasioglossum vierecki (Viereck’s sweat bee) Lasioglossum viridatum (eastern green sweat bee) Lasioglossum zephyrus (zephyr sweat bee) Lasius alienus (cornfield ant) Lasius aphidicola (yellow shadow ant) Lasius claviger (smaller yellow ant) Lasius latipes (wide-footed field ant) Lasius minutus (tiny-queened field ant) Lasius neoniger (turfgrass ant) Leptochilus ornatus (potter or mason wasp) Leptochilus republicanus (republic mason wasp) Leptochilus spp. (potter or mason wasp) Leucospis spp. (chalcidoid wasps) Lissonota acrobasidis (ichneumonid wasp) Lissonota atrimalis (ichneumonid wasp) Lissonota brevipappus (ichneumonid wasp) Lissonota brunnea (ichneumonid wasp) Lissonota conferta (ichneumonid wasp) Lissonota coracina (ichneumonid wasp) Lissonota crevieri (ichneumonid wasp) Lissonota cruralis (ichneumonid wasp) Lissonota cylpeator (ichneumonid wasp) Lissonota exigua (ichneumonid wasp) Lissonota exilis (ichneumonid wasp) Lissonota imitatrix (ichneumonid wasp) Lissonota parva (ichneumonid wasp) Lissonota punctata (ichneumonid wasp) Lissonota rubrica (ichneumonid wasp) Lissonota scutellaris (ichneumonid wasp) Lissonota spp. (ichneumonid wasps) Lissonota stenostoma (ichneumonid wasp) Lissonota tegularis (ichneumonid wasp) Macremphytus tarsatus (dogwood sawfly) Macremphytus testaceus (dogwood sawfly) Macrocentrus marginator (braconid wasp) Macrocentrus spp. (braconid wasps) Macrophya epinota (common sawfly) Macrophya flavolineata (common sawfly) Macrophya fumator (common sawfly) Macrophya pulchella (common sawfly) Macrophya spp. (common sawflies) Macrophya tibiator (common sawfly) Macrophya trisyllaba (common sawfly) Megachile angelarum (Los Angeles leafcutter bee) Megachile brevis (short leafcutter bee) Megachile campanulae (bellflower resin bee) Megachile centuncularis (patchwork leafcutter bee) Megachile dakotensis (leaf-cutter bee) Megachile fortis (robust sunflower leafcutter bee) Megachile frigida (frigid leaf-cutter bee) Megachile gemula (small-handed leaf-cutter bee) Megachile inermis (unarmed leafcutter bee) Megachile latimanus (broad-handed leafcutting bee) Megachile melanophaea (black-and-gray leaf-cutter bee) Megachile mendica (flat-tailed leaf-cutter bee) Megachile montivaga (silver-tailed petalcutter) Megachile nivalis (leaf-cutter bee) Megachile perihirta (western leafcutter) Megachile petulans (petulant leaf-cutter bee) Megachile pugnata (pugnacious leaf-cutter bee) Megachile relativa (golden-tailed leafcutter bee) Megachile rotundata (alfalfa leafcutting bee) Megachile rugifrons (rugose-fronted resin bee) Megachile sculpturalis (sculptured resin bee) Megachile spp. (leaf-cutter, mortar, and resin bees) Megachile texana (Texas leaf-cutter bee) Megarhyssa atrata (black giant ichneumonid wasp) Megarhyssa greenei (Greene’s giant ichneumonid wasp) Megarhyssa macrurus (long-tailed giant ichneumonid wasp) Melanichneumon spp. (ichneumonid wasp) Melissodes agilis (agile long-horned bee) Melissodes bimaculatus bimaculatus (two-spotted longhorned bee) Melissodes confusa (confusing long-horned bee) Melissodes coreopsis (tickseed long-horned bee) Melissodes denticulatus (denticulate long-horned bee) Melissodes dentiventris (long-horned bee) Melissodes desponsus (thistle long-horned bee) Melissodes druriellus (Drury’s long-horned bee) Melissodes grindelliae (long-horned bee) Melissodes illatus (valiant long-horned bee) Melissodes menuachus (goldenrod long-horned bee) Melissodes pallidisignatus (pale-marked long-horned bee) Melissodes spp. (longhorn bees) Melissodes subagilis (nimble long-horned bee) Melissodes Subgenus Eumelissodes (longhorn bees) Melissodes subillatus (vigorous long-horned bee) Melissodes trinodis (dark-veined longhorn bee) Melissodes wheeleri (long-horned bee) Melittobia spp. (chalcidoid wasps) Meteorus spp. (braconid wasps) Monodontomerus mexicanus (chalcidoid wasp) Monodontomerus minor (chalcidoid wasp) Monomorium minimum (little black ant) Monophadnoides spp. (common sawfly) Monostegia abdominalis (common sawfly) Muesbeckidium obsoletum (cuckoo wasp) Myrmica americana (American ant) Myrmica brevispinosa (short-spined ant) Myrmica latifrons (wide-faced ant) Nematus ventralis (willow sawfly) Neodiprion lecontei (redheaded pine sawfly) Neodiprion pinetum (white pine sawfly) Neodiprion sertifer (European pine sawfly) Neuroterus exiguissimus (oak gall wasp) Neuroterus floccosus (oak flake gall wasp) Neuroterus saltatorius (California jumping gall wasp) Nomada articulata (articulated nomad bee) Nomada australis (five-spined nomad) Nomada banksi (Bank’s nomad bee) Nomada cressonii (Cresson’s nomad bee) Nomada cuneata (cuneate nomad bee) Nomada denticulata (denticulate cuckoo nomad bee) Nomada depressa (depressed cuckoo nomad bee) Nomada graenicheri (Graenicher’s cuckoo nomad bee) Nomada illinoensis (Illinois cuckoo nomad bee) Nomada imbricata (imbricate cuckoo nomad bee) Nomada luteoloides (black-and-yellow nomad) Nomada maculata (spotted nomad bee) Nomada obliterata (obliterated nomad) Nomada ovata (ovate cuckoo nomad bee) Nomada pygmaea (pygmy nomad bee) Nomada rubicunda (ruddy nomad bee) Nomada sayi (Say’s cuckoo nomad bee) Nomada superba (superb nomada) Nomada vicina (neighborly nomad) Nylanderia parvula (tiny crazy ant) Odynerus dilectus (beloved vespid wasp) Ophionellus spp. (ichneumonid wasp) Ophionellus texanus (ichneumonid wasp) Opius spp. (braconid wasps) Osmia albiventris (white-bellied mason bee) Osmia lignaria lignaria (blue orchard bee) Osmia simillima (similar mason bee) Osmia subarctica (mason bee) Osmia virga (twig mason bee) Parancistrocerus fulvipes (potter or mason wasp) Parancistrocerus leionotus (potter or mason wasp) Parancistrocerus pedestris (walking mason wasp) Parancistrocerus pensylvanicus (Pennsylvania mason wasp) Parancistrocerus vagus (wandering mason wasp) Paranthidium jugatorium jugatorium (Say’s sunflower burrowing-resin bee) Parazumia symmorpha (tapered mason wasp) Pelecinus polyturator (American pelecinid wasp) Periclista spp. (common sawflies) Pimpla pedalis (ichneumonid wasp) Poemenia albipes (ichneumonid wasp) Poemenia americana (ichneumonid wasp) Polistes dominula (European paper wasp) Polistes fuscatus (northern paper wasp) Polytribax pallescens (ichneumonid wasp) Pontania spp. (willow leaf gall) Prenolepis imparis (winter ant) Prionyx parkeri (Parker’s thread-waisted wasp) Pristiphora erichsonii (larch sawfly) Pristiphora geniculata (mountain ash sawfly) Profenusa canadensis (hawthorn leafminer) Protandrena bancrofti (mining bee) Pseudopanurgus albitarsis (mining bee) Pterocheilus quinquefasciatus (potter or mason wasp) Sapyga martini (club-horned cuckoo wasp) Sceliphron caementarium (yellow-legged mud-dauber) Scolia bicincta (double-banded scoliid wasp) Scolia dubia (blue-winged wasp) Setanta compta (ichneumonid wasp) Sinophorus spp. (ichneumonid wasps) Solenopsis molesta (thief ant) Sphecinae (thread-waisted wasps) Sphecius speciosus (eastern cicada-killer wasp) Sphecodes antennariae (blood bee) Sphecodes atlantis (Atlantic cuckoo sweat bee) Sphecodes banksii (blood bee) Sphecodes carolinus (blood bee) Sphecodes clematidis (clematis blood bee) Sphecodes confertus (bilobed cuckoo sweat bee) Sphecodes coronus (crowned cuckoo sweat bee) Sphecodes cressonii (Cresson’s cuckoo sweat bee) Sphecodes davisii (Davis’s cuckoo sweat bee) Sphecodes dichrous (scalloped cuckoo sweat bee) Sphecodes fattigi (blood bee) Sphecodes galerus (capped cuckoo sweat bee) Sphecodes heraclei (cyclops blood bee) Sphecodes illinoensis (Illinois cuckoo sweat bee) Sphecodes johnsonii (Johnson’s cuckoo sweat bee) Sphecodes levis (nimble cuckoo sweat bee) Sphecodes mandibularis (red-toothed cuckoo sweat bee) Sphecodes minor (minor cuckoo sweat bee) Sphecodes pimpinellae (eastern cuckoo sweat bee) Sphecodes prosphorus (black-tipped cuckoo sweat bee) Sphecodes ranunculi (buttercup blood bee) Sphecodes solonis (shiny-faced cuckoo sweat bee) Sphecodes stygius (deadly cuckoo sweat bee) Sphex ichneumoneus (great golden digger wasp) Sphex pensylvanicus (great black digger wasp) Stelis coarctatus (constrained cuckoo carder bee) Stelis permaculata (sixteen-spotted cuckoo carder bee) Stenodynerus ammonia (potter or mason wasp) Stenodynerus anormis (potter or mason wasp) Symmorphus canadensis (Canadian potter wasp) Symmorphus cristatus (tufted potter wasp) Symphyta (sawflies, horntails, and wood wasps) Tachytes distinctus (sand-loving wasp) Tapinoma sessile (odorous house ant) Tenthredinidae (common sawflies) Tersilochinae (ichneumonid wasps) Tethida cordigera (black-headed ash sawfly) Tetrastichus spp. (chalcidoid wasps) Therion circumflexum (ichneumonid wasp) Therion fuscipenne (ichneumonid wasp) Therion morio (ichneumonid wasp) Therion nigripes (ichneumonid wasp) Therion petiolatum (ichneumonid wasp) Therion spp. (ichneumonid wasps) Therion tenuipes (ichneumonid wasp) Therion texanum (ichneumonid wasp) Tomostethus multicinctus (brown-headed ash sawfly) Tremex columba (pigeon tremex) Trichrysis doriae (cuckoo wasp) Triepeolus cressonii (eucera cuckoo nomad bee) Triepeolus lunatus (lunate longhorn-cuckoo) Triepeolus pectoralis (goldenrod longhorn-cuckoo bee) Triepeolus remigatus (squash longhorn-cuckoo) Triepeolus spp. (longhorn-cuckoo bees) Trigonaspis quercusforticorne (oak fig gall wasp) Urocerus albicornis (white-horned horntail) Urocerus cressoni (black and red horntail) Vespula acadica (forest yellowjacket) Vespula alascensis (common yellowjacket) Vespula flavopilosa (downy yellowjacket) Vespula germanica (German yellowjacket) Vespula maculifrons (eastern yellowjacket) Vespula spp. (yellowjackets) Vespula vidua (ground hornet) |
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_02.jpg "braconid wasp (Atanycolus sp.)")
_01.jpg "common sawfly (Macrophya epinota)")
_01.jpg "common sawfly (Macrophya pulchella)")
_01.jpg "common sawfly (Macrophya trisyllaba)")
_01.jpg "ichneumonid wasp (Cratichneumon spp.)")
_01.jpg "ichneumonid wasp (Lissonota sp.)")
_01.jpg "ichneumonid wasp (Ophionellus sp.)")
_02.jpg "ichneumonid wasp (Therion sp.)")
_02.jpg "longhorn bee (Melissodes sp.)")
_02.jpg "oak gall wasp (Amphibolips cookii)")
_02.jpg "sand-loving wasp (Tachytes distinctus)")
_01.jpg "spider wasp (Caliadurgus fasciatellus)")
_01.jpg "square-headed wasp (Subfamily Crabroninae)")
_01.jpg "thread-waisted wasp (Sphecinae)")
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Capitalization of Common Names
Insect scientific names are governed by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN). Vernacular (common) names are not. In an attempt to “assure the uniformity of (common) names of common insects” the Entomological Society of America (ESA) published Common Names of Insects and Related Organisms. ESA has no rule or guideline that addresses capitalization of common names. However, the database of common names published by ESA does not capitalize common names. Most other sources, including ITIS, BAMONA, Odonata Central, and the Peterson Field Guides, capitalize common insect names. MinnesotaSeasons.com will adhere to the convention followed by ESA.
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