harebell

(Campanula rotundifolia)

Conservation Status
harebell
 
  IUCN Red List

not listed

     
  NatureServe

NNR - Unranked

SNR - Unranked

     
  Minnesota

not listed

     
           
Wetland Indicator Status
     
  Great Plains

FAC - Facultative

     
  Midwest

FACU - Facultative upland

     
  Northcentral & Northeast

FACU - Facultative upland

     
           
 
Description
 
 

Harebell is a 4 to 20 tall, erect, perennial forb that rises from shallow roots and a slender rhizome.

The stems are slender and erect to ascending. They do not recline on adjacent plants. They are unbranched except just below the inflorescence. They may be hairless or have inconspicuous longitudinal lines of hairs. When broken, the stem exudes a milky sap.

Basal leaves are, broadly egg-shaped to nearly circular, 3 16 to long, and 3 16 to 5 16 wide. They are on slender, ¾ to 1¼ long leaf stalks. They are shallowly heart-shaped, rounded, or broadly angled at the base and rounded or angled to a sharp point at the tip. The upper and lower surfaces are hairless. The margins are untoothed or have a few blunt teeth. Basal leaves are often absent at flowering time. The species name, rotundifolia, refers to the shape of the basal leaves.

Stem leaves are alternate and ascending or spreading. Lower stem leaves are long-stalked, narrowly elliptic to narrowly inversely egg-shaped, and 1¼ to 2 long. The upper and lower surfaces are hairless. The margins are untoothed. The leaves become progressively smaller, narrower, and shorter stalked as they ascend the stem. Upper stem leaves are stalkless and narrowly lance-shaped to linear.

The inflorescence is a nodding, usually unbranched cluster (raceme) of 3 to 8 flowers at the end of the stem.

The flowers are bell-shaped and ¾ to 1¼ long. There are 5 green sepals (calyx), fused at their base into a 1 16 to long tube, then separated into 5 linear, to 3 16 long lobes. The calyx lobes are widely spreading at maturity. There are 5 light blue to blue petals (corolla), fused at their base for about half of their length into a ¼ to long tube, then separated into 5 lance-shaped, long lobes. The lobes of the corolla are much shorter than the tube and are flared outward. The calyx and corolla are each radially symmetrical so that if bisected vertically on any plane each half would be identical. There are 5 stamens that do not protrude from the corolla tube. There is a single violet style that ends in a stigma with 3 lobes. The style protrudes from the corolla tube but is not as long as the petals.

The fruit is a nearly spherical, 3-chambered capsule containing many seeds. The capsule is to 3 16 long, 1 16 to in diameter.

 
     
 

Height

 
 

4 to 20

 
     
 

Flower Color

 
 

Blue

 
     
 

Similar Species

 
     
     
 
Habitat
 
 

Dry to moderate moisture. Woods, meadows, cliffs, and beaches. Full or partial sun.

 
     
 
Ecology
 
 

Flowering

 
 

June to October

 
     
 

Pests and Diseases

 
 

 

 
     
 
Use
 
 

 

 
     
 
Distribution
 
 

Distribution Map

 

Sources

2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 24, 28, 29, 30.

 
  4/4/2022      
         
 

Nativity

 
 

Native

 
         
 

Occurrence

 
 

Common

 
         
 
Taxonomy
 
  Kingdom Plantae (green algae and land plants)  
  Subkingdom Viridiplantae (green plants)  
  Infrakingdom Streptophyta (land plants and green algae)  
  Superdivision Embryophyta (land plants)  
  Division Tracheophyta (vascular plants)  
  Subdivision Spermatophytina (seed plants)  
  Class Magnoliopsida (flowering plants)  
  Superorder Asteranae  
 

Order

Asterales (sunflowers, bellflowers, fanflowers, and allies)  
 

Family

Campanulaceae (bellflower)  
  Subfamily Campanuloideae  
 

Genus

Campanula (bellflowers)  
       
 

Subordinate Taxa

 
 

 

 
       
 

Synonyms

 
 

Campanula alaskana

Campanula dubia

Campanula heterodoxa

Campanula intercedens

Campanula petiolata

Campanula rotundifolia var. alaskana

Campanula rotundifolia var. intercedens

Campanula rotundifolia ssp. intercedens

Campanula rotundifolia var. lancifolia

Campanula rotundifolia var. petiolata

Campanula rotundifolia var. velutina

Campanula sacajaweana

 
       
 

Common Names

 
 

bluebell

bluebell bellflower

bluebell-of-Scotland

harebell

meadowbell

roundleaf harebell

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Glossary

Calyx

The group of outer floral leaves (sepals) below the petals, occasionally forming a tube.

 

Corolla

A collective name for all of the petals of a flower.

 

Linear

Long, straight, and narrow, with more or less parallel sides, like a blade of grass.

 

Raceme

An unbranched, elongated inflorescence with stalked flowers. The flowers mature from the bottom up.

 

Rhizome

A horizontal, usually underground stem. It serves as a reproductive structure, producing roots below and shoots above at the nodes.

 

Stamen

The male reproductive organ of a flower consisting of an pollen-producing anther on a supporting filament.

 

Stigma

The portion of the female part of the flower that is receptive to pollen.

 

Style

Part of the pistil, usually a slender stalk, connecting the ovary to the stigma(s).

 
 
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Mike Fellows

 
    harebell      
 

Alfredo Colon

 
    harebell      
           
 
MinnesotaSeasons.com Photos
 
 

Plant

 
    harebell   harebell  
           
    harebell      
           
 

Inflorescence

 
    harebell      
           
 

Flower

 
    harebell      

 

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Other Videos
 
  Common Harebell (Campanula rotundifolia)
Wandering Sole TV
 
   
 
About

Published on Jul 14, 2012

Common Harebell on Sunflower Hill in British Columbia.

Common Harebell is native to temperate regions of Great Britain, Northern Europe, and North America.

   
  Harebell (Campanula rotundifolia)
PrairieMoonNursery
 
   
 
About

Uploaded on Jun 8, 2010

http://www.prairiemoon.com - Harebell also referred to as Bluebell Bellflower. It blooms at Prairie Moon Nursery in early June.

   

 

Camcorder

 
 
Visitor Sightings
 
           
 

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  Mike Fellows
9/19/2020

Location: Butterwort Cliffs SNA

harebell  
  Alfredo Colon
8/30/2019

Location: Woodbury, Minnesota

harebell  
           
 
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