Des Moines River SNA

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			Jackson County
			Southwest Minnesota

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Size

246 acres

Maps


Detail map (MN DNR)

Printable Maps with GPS coordinates

Parking

Christianna Bridge Public Water Access and Picnic Area
N43 47.572, W95 5.494

The parking lot at Christianna Bridge Public Water Access and Picnic Area is at the southwest corder of Des Moines River SNA.

County Road 79
N43 47.835, W95 4.505

Hiking Trails

There are no maintained trails.

Hunting

No hunting

Ecological Classification

Province

Prairie Parkland Province

Section

North Central Glaciated Plains

Subsection(s)

Coteau Moraines

Land Type Association(s)

Windom Moraine

Native Plant Communities¹

Dry Hill Prairie (Southern)

Ownership

Links

Minnesota DNR

Comments

What’s in a Name?
The official designation of this site is “Des Moines River SNA.” The wood routed sign on County Road 79; the informational sign in the Christianna Bridge Public Water Access and Picnic Area; and the Minnesota DNR Website; all used the name “Des Moines River Prairie SNA.” The Minnesota DNR has recently changed the name on the Website and will be using the designated name on new printed materials.

Land Acquisition
Part of this SNA was acquired by the Minnesota DNR with the help of a grant from the National Park Service’s Land and Water Conservation Fund (LAWCON).

Des Moines River State Water Trail
The parking area for this site is the Christianna Bridge Public Water Access, a canoe and boat access and picnic area for Des Moines River State Water Trail. The water trail begins 39 miles north at Talcot Lake and ends at the Minnesota/Iowa border 29 miles to the south.

Management
2008 to 2011: Management of the site has involved the removal of invasive trees and shrubs and an annual prescribed burn each spring. Old fields have been replanted with seeds collected elsewhere on the site.

2012: Seeds were collected on the southern part of the site. Fire breaks were mowed in several areas. Ongoing projects include the removal and control of wild parsnip and bird’s-foot trefoil.

2013: A prescribed burn was conducted on approximately 131 acres on May 15. Several small trees were felled and more were girdled near the stream on the south boundary in November.

Visits

4/9/2005

8/11/2005

9/1/2012

10/2/2012

11/8/2012

12/2/2012

1/4/2013

2/8/2013

3/8/2013

4/16/2013

5/7/2013

6/10/2013

7/11/2013

8/12/2013

9/21/2013

10/10/2013

11/20/2013

12/18/2013

1/19/2014

2/18/2014


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Des Moines River




Dry Hill Prairie (Southern)

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Visitor Observations

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MinnesotaSeasons.com Observations

The lists below includes sightings from the parking area for this SNA, Christianna Bridge Public Water Access and Picnic Area, which is adjacent to but not technically a part of the SNA.

Amphibians	boreal chorus frog (Pseudacris maculata) northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens) treefrog (Hyla sp.)

Birds	A small flock of Common Redpolls was seen here in December, 2012.

	Two bird species with conservation status in Minnesota and one tracked species have been seen here:
	Special concern	American White Pelican (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) Trumpeter Swan (Cygnus buccinator)

	Tracked	Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)

	Minnesota DNR Bird checklist eBird Field Checklist

	American Black Duck (Anas rubripes) American Crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) American Goldfinch (Carduelis tristis) American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) American Robin (Turdus migratorius) American Tree Sparrow (Spizelloides arborea) Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) Baltimore Oriole (Icterus galbula) Belted Kingfisher (Megaceryle alcyon) Black-capped Chickadee (Poecile atricapillus) Blue Jay (Cyanocitta cristata) Blue-winged Teal (Anas discors) Bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivorus) Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) Brown Thrasher (Toxostoma rufum) Canada Goose (Branta canadensis) Canvasback (Aythya valisineria) Chipping Sparrow (Spizella passerina) Clay-colored Sparrow (Spizella pallida) Cliff Swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) Common Redpoll (Acanthis flammea) Common Yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas) Cooper’s Hawk (Accipiter cooperii) Dark-eyed Junco (Junco hyemalis) Dickcissel (Spiza americana) Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) Downy Woodpecker (Picoides pubescens) Eastern Kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus) Eastern Meadowlark (Sturnella magna) Eastern Wood-peewee (Contopus virens) European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) Field Sparrow (Spizella pusilla) Gray Catbird (Dumetella carolinensis) Gray Partridge (Perdix perdix) Great Blue Heron (Ardea herodias) Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus) Hairy Woodpecker (Picoides villosus) Harris’s Sparrow (Zonotrichia querula) Hooded Merganser (Lophodytes cucullatus) House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) House Wren (Troglodytes aedon) Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus) Least Flycatcher (Empidonax minimus) Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis) Lesser Yellowlegs (Tringa flavipes) Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura) Nashville Warbler (Oreothlypis ruficapilla) Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus) Northern Shoveler (Anas clypeata) Ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapillus) Pileated Woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus) Red-bellied Woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus) Red-headed Woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus) Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) Ring-billed Gull (Larus delawarensis) Ring-necked Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) Rose-breasted Grosbeak (Pheucticus ludovicianus) Ruby-crowned Kinglet (Regulus calendula) Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia) Swainson’s Thrush (Catharus ustulatus swainsoni) Tree Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) Turkey Vulture (Cathartes aura) Vesper Sparrow (Pooecetes gramineus) White-breasted Nuthatch (Sitta carolinensis) Wild Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) Wilson’s Snipe (Gallinago delicata) Wood Duck (Aix sponsa) Yellow-rumped Warbler (Setophaga coronata)

Fungi and Lichens	Artist’s Conk (Ganoderma applanatum) Black Knot (Apiosporina morbosa) Chicken of the Woods (Laetiporus sulphureus) Oat Crown Rust (Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae)

Insects and Arachnids	cabbage white (Pieris rapae) Carolina grasshopper (Dissosteira carolina) common green darner (Anax junius) common wood nymph (Cercyonis pegala) convergent lady beetle (Hippodamia convergens) dog day cicada (Neotibicen canicularis) eastern comma (Polygonia comma) goldenrod bunch gall midge (Rhopalomyia solidaginis) goldenrod gall fly (Eurosta solidaginis) goldenrod soldier beetle (Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus) monarch (Danaus plexippus) mourning cloak (Nymphalis antiopa) orange sulphur (Colias eurytheme) pearl crescent (Phyciodes tharos) red admiral (Vanessa atalanta) red milkweed beetle (Tetraopes tetrophthalmus) spring field cricket (Gryllus veletis) twelve-spotted skimmer (Libellula pulchella) viceroy (Limenitis archippus) Walker’s cicada (Neotibicen marginalis) widow skimmer (Libellula luctuosa) willow pinecone gall midge (Rabdophaga strobiloides)

Mammals	American beaver (Castor canadensis) eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus) eastern fox squirrel (Sciurus niger) eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) eastern red bat (Lasiurus borealis) plains pocket gopher (Geomys bursarius) red fox (Vulpes vulpes) whitetail deer (Odocoileus virginianus)

Plants	One of the largest known populations of prairie bush clover grows here.

	Three plant species with conservation status in Minnesota and one tracked species are found here:
	Threatened	hair-like beak-rush (Rhynchospora capillacea) prairie bush clover (Lespedeza leptostachya)

	Special concern	rattlesnake master (Eryngium yuccifolium var. yuccifolium)

	Watch list	hairy-fruit sedge (Carex trichocarpa)

	Minnesota Biodiversity Atlas Plant List

	Plants frequently found in: Dry Hill Prairie (Southern) UPs13d

	Common Name Scientific Name alfalfa (Medicago sativa ssp. sativa) Allegheny monkeyflower (Mimulus ringens var. ringens) alsike clover (Trifolium hybridum) American basswood (Tilia americana var. americana) American bittersweet (Celastrus scandens) American black currant (Ribes americanum) American bugleweed (Lycopus americanus) American elderberry (Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis) American elm (Ulmus americana) American germander (Teucrium canadense) American hog peanut (Amphicarpaea bracteata var. comosa) American pasqueflower (Anemone patens var. multifida) American plum (Prunus americana) American vetch (Vicia americana ssp. americana) big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii) black bindweed (Fallopia convolvulus) black medick (Medicago lupulina) black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) black willow (Salix nigra) black-seeded plantain (Plantago rugelii var. rugelii) blue skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora var. lateriflora) blue vervain (Verbena hastata var. hastata) blue vervain (Verbena hastata var. scabra) boxelder (Acer negundo var. negundo) bracted vervain (Verbena bracteata) broad-leaved cattail (Typha latifolia) bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare) butterfly weed (Asclepias tuberosa ssp. interior) Canada anemone (Anemone canadensis) Canada goldenrod (Solidago canadensis) Canada mayflower (Maianthemum canadense) Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) Canada wildrye (Elymus canadensis) Canadian clearweed (Pilea pumila) Canadian horseweed (Conyza canadensis) Canadian tick-trefoil (Desmodium canadense) Canadian woodnettle (Laportea canadensis) candle anemone (Anemone cylindrica) catnip (Nepeta cataria) chokecherry (Prunus virginiana var. virginiana) cleavers (Galium aparine) clustered black snakeroot (Sanicula odorata) common agrimony (Agrimonia gryposepala) common blue violet (Viola sororia) common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica) common burdock (Arctium minus) common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale ssp. officinale) common evening primrose (Oenothera biennis) common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) common motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca ssp. cardiaca) common mullein (Verbascum thapsus ssp. thapsus) common plantain (Plantago major) common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) common St. Johnswort (Hypericum perforatum) common sow thistle (Sonchus oleraceus) common yarrow (Achillea millefolium) Culver’s root (Veronicastrum virginicum) cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum var. perfoliatum) curly dock (Rumex crispus) curly-cup gumweed (Grindelia squarrosa) curlytop knotweed (Persicaria lapathifolia) cut-leaved coneflower (Rudbeckia laciniata var. laciniata) dame’s rocket (Hesperis matronalis) desert false indigo (Amorpha fruticosa) downy gentian (Gentiana puberulenta) downy phlox (Phlox pilosa ssp. fulgida) early figwort (Scrophularia lanceolata) early meadow rue (Thalictrum dioicum) eastern black nightshade (Solanum ptychanthum) eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana) false boneset (Brickellia eupatorioides var. corymbulosa) false sunflower (Heliopsis helianthoides var. occidentalis) falsegold groundsel (Packera pseudaurea var. semicordata) field horsetail (Equisetum arvense) field sow thistle (Sonchus arvensis) Flodman’s thistle (Cirsium flodmanii) fringed brome (Bromus ciliatus) fringed loosestrife (Lysimachia ciliata) Geyer’s aster (Symphyotrichum laeve var. geyeri) giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) giant goldenrod (Solidago gigantea) giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida var. trifida) golden alexanders (Zizia aurea) grass-leaved goldenrod (Euthamia graminifolia var. graminifolia) gray dogwood (Cornus racemosa) gray goldenrod (Solidago nemoralis) gray-headed coneflower (Ratibida pinnata) great blue lobelia (Lobelia siphilitica) great water dock (Rumex britannica) green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) green foxtail (Setaria viridis var. viridis) hairy sunflower (Helianthus hirsutus) heart-leaved golden alexanders (Zizia aptera) hedge bindweed (Calystegia sepium) hoary alyssum (Berteroa incana) hoary puccoon (Lithospermum canescens) hoary vervain (Verbena stricta) Indian hemp (Apocynum cannabinum) Indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans) Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) lance-leaf fog-fruit (Phyla lanceolata) leadplant (Amorpha canescens) little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium var. scoparium) mapleleaf goosefoot (Chenopodium simplex) marsh vetchling (Lathyrus palustris) Maximilian’s sunflower (Helianthus maximiliani) Morrow’s honeysuckle (Lonicera morrowii) mountain death camas (Anticlea elegans var. elegans) musk thistle (Carduus nutans ssp. leiophyllus) nannyberry (Viburnum lentago) narrow-leaved purple coneflower (Echinacea angustifolia) New England aster (Symphyotrichum novae-angliae) northern bedstraw (Galium boreale) northern bugleweed (Lycopus uniflorus var. uniflorus) oakleaf goosefoot (Chenopodium glaucum) obedient plant (Physostegia virginiana) Pennsylvania smartweed (Persicaria pensylvanica) Philadelphia fleabane (Erigeron philadelphicus var. philadelphicus) pineapple-weed (Matricaria discoidea) plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides ssp. molinifera) plumeless thistle (Carduus acanthoides) porcupine grass (Hesperostipa spartea) prairie alumroot (Heuchera richardsonii) prairie blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchium campestre) prairie bush clover (Lespedeza leptostachya) prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata) prairie coreopsis (Coreopsis palmata) prairie dropseed (Sporobolus heterolepis) prairie fleabane (Erigeron strigosus) prairie goldenrod (Solidago ptarmicoides) prairie larkspur (Delphinium carolinianum ssp. virescens) prairie onion (Allium stellatum) prairie rose (Rosa arkansana) prairie smoke (Geum triflorum var. triflorum) prairie turnip (Pediomelum esculentum) prairie violet (Viola pedatifida var. pedatifida) prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola) prickly sow thistle (Sonchus asper) purple locoweed (Oxytropis lambertii var. lambertii) purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea var. purpurea) purple rattlesnake root (Nabalus racemosus) quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) rattlesnake master (Eryngium yuccifolium var. yuccifolium) red clover (Trifolium pratense) red goosefoot (Chenopodium rubrum) red mulberry (Morus rubra) red osier dogwood (Cornus sericea ssp. sericea) reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) roadside agrimony (Agrimonia striata) rock elm (Ulmus thomasii) rope dodder (Cuscuta glomerata) rough blazing star (Liatris aspera) rough cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) round-headed bush clover (Lespedeza capitata) rush skeletonplant (Lygodesmia juncea) sandbar willow (Salix interior) sawtooth sunflower (Helianthus grosseserratus) scouring rush horsetail (Equisetum hyemale var. affine) showy goldenrod (Solidago speciosa) Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila) sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula var. curtipendula) silverleaf scurfpea (Pediomelum argophyllum) slender-leaf false foxglove (Agalinis tenuifolia) smooth blue aster (Symphyotrichum laeve) smooth scouring rush (Equisetum laevigatum) soft agrimony (Agrimonia pubescens) soft wild bergamot (Monarda fistulosa var. mollis) southern blue flag (Iris virginica var. shrevei) spotted lady’s thumb (Persicaria maculosa) spotted water hemlock (Cicuta maculata) spreading dogbane (Apocynum androsaemifolium) stiff goldenrod (Solidago rigida ssp. rigida) stiff sunflower (Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. pauciflorus) stiff sunflower (Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. subrhomboideus) stinging nettle (Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis) swamp milkweed (Asclepias incarnata ssp. incarnata) tall beggarticks (Bidens vulgata) tall cinquefoil (Drymocallis arguta) tall meadow rue (Thalictrum dasycarpum) tall thimbleweed (Anemone virginiana) tall thistle (Cirsium altissimum) Tartarian honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica) timothy (Phleum pratense) toothed evening primrose (Oenothera serrulata) violet wood sorrel (Oxalis violacea) Virginia groundcherry (Physalis virginiana var. virginiana) Virginia mountain mint (Pycnanthemum virginianum) Virginia stickseed (Hackelia virginiana) Virginia waterleaf (Hydrophyllum virginianum var. virginianum) water smartweed (Persicaria amphibia) western ironweed (Vernonia fasciculata ssp. corymbosa) western marbleseed (Lithospermum occidentale) western poison ivy (Toxicodendron rydbergii) western ragweed (Ambrosia psilostachya) white clover (Trifolium repens) white heath aster (Symphyotrichum ericoides var. ericoides) white mulberry (Morus alba) white panicled aster (Symphyotrichum lanceolatum) white prairie clover (Dalea candida var. candida) white sage (Artemisia ludoviciana ssp. ludoviciana) white sweet clover (Melilotus albus) white vervain (Verbena urticifolia) whorled milkweed (Asclepias verticillata) wild columbine (Aquilegia canadensis) wild cucumber (Echinocystis lobata) wild grape (Vitis riparia) wild licorice (Glycyrrhiza lepidota) wild mint (Mentha arvensis) wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) wolfberry (Symphoricarpos occidentalis) woodbine (Parthenocissus vitacea) woolly burdock (Arctium tomentosum) worm-seed wallflower (Erysimum cheiranthoides) woundwort (Stachys pilosa var. arenicola) yellow foxtail (Setaria pumila ssp. pumila) yellow goat’s beard (Tragopogon dubius) yellow sweet clover (Melilotus officinalis) yellow wood sorrel (Oxalis stricta) Acer negundo var. negundo (boxelder) Achillea millefolium (common yarrow) Agalinis tenuifolia (slender-leaf false foxglove) Agrimonia gryposepala (common agrimony) Agrimonia pubescens (soft agrimony) Agrimonia striata (roadside agrimony) Allium stellatum (prairie onion) Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) Ambrosia psilostachya (western ragweed) Ambrosia trifida var. trifida (giant ragweed) Amorpha canescens (leadplant) Amorpha fruticosa (desert false indigo) Amphicarpaea bracteata var. comosa (American hog peanut) Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem) Anemone canadensis (Canada anemone) Anemone cylindrica (candle anemone) Anemone patens var. multifida (American pasqueflower) Anemone virginiana (tall thimbleweed) Anticlea elegans var. elegans (mountain death camas) Apocynum androsaemifolium (spreading dogbane) Apocynum cannabinum (Indian hemp) Aquilegia canadensis (wild columbine) Arctium minus (common burdock) Arctium tomentosum (woolly burdock) Artemisia ludoviciana ssp. ludoviciana (white sage) Asclepias incarnata ssp. incarnata (swamp milkweed) Asclepias syriaca (common milkweed) Asclepias tuberosa ssp. interior (butterfly weed) Asclepias verticillata (whorled milkweed) Berteroa incana (hoary alyssum) Bidens vulgata (tall beggarticks) Bouteloua curtipendula var. curtipendula (sideoats grama) Brickellia eupatorioides var. corymbulosa (false boneset) Bromus ciliatus (fringed brome) Calystegia sepium (hedge bindweed) Carduus acanthoides (plumeless thistle) Carduus nutans ssp. leiophyllus (musk thistle) Celastrus scandens (American bittersweet) Chenopodium glaucum (oakleaf goosefoot) Chenopodium rubrum (red goosefoot) Chenopodium simplex (mapleleaf goosefoot) Cicuta maculata (spotted water hemlock) Cirsium altissimum (tall thistle) Cirsium arvense (Canada thistle) Cirsium flodmanii (Flodman’s thistle) Cirsium vulgare (bull thistle) Conyza canadensis (Canadian horseweed) Coreopsis palmata (prairie coreopsis) Cornus racemosa (gray dogwood) Cornus sericea ssp. sericea (red osier dogwood) Cuscuta glomerata (rope dodder) Dalea candida var. candida (white prairie clover) Dalea purpurea var. purpurea (purple prairie clover) Delphinium carolinianum ssp. virescens (prairie larkspur) Desmodium canadense (Canadian tick-trefoil) Drymocallis arguta (tall cinquefoil) Echinacea angustifolia (narrow-leaved purple coneflower) Echinocystis lobata (wild cucumber) Elymus canadensis (Canada wildrye) Equisetum arvense (field horsetail) Equisetum hyemale var. affine (scouring rush horsetail) Equisetum laevigatum (smooth scouring rush) Erigeron philadelphicus var. philadelphicus (Philadelphia fleabane) Erigeron strigosus (prairie fleabane) Eryngium yuccifolium var. yuccifolium (rattlesnake master) Erysimum cheiranthoides (worm-seed wallflower) Euthamia graminifolia var. graminifolia (grass-leaved goldenrod) Fallopia convolvulus (black bindweed) Fraxinus pennsylvanica (green ash) Galium aparine (cleavers) Galium boreale (northern bedstraw) Gentiana puberulenta (downy gentian) Geum triflorum var. triflorum (prairie smoke) Glycyrrhiza lepidota (wild licorice) Grindelia squarrosa (curly-cup gumweed) Hackelia virginiana (Virginia stickseed) Helianthus grosseserratus (sawtooth sunflower) Helianthus hirsutus (hairy sunflower) Helianthus maximiliani (Maximilian’s sunflower) Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. pauciflorus (stiff sunflower) Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. subrhomboideus (stiff sunflower) Helianthus tuberosus (Jerusalem artichoke) Heliopsis helianthoides var. occidentalis (false sunflower) Hesperis matronalis (dame’s rocket) Hesperostipa spartea (porcupine grass) Heuchera richardsonii (prairie alumroot) Hydrophyllum virginianum var. virginianum (Virginia waterleaf) Hypericum perforatum (common St. Johnswort) Iris virginica var. shrevei (southern blue flag) Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana (eastern redcedar) Lactuca serriola (prickly lettuce) Laportea canadensis (Canadian woodnettle) Lathyrus palustris (marsh vetchling) Leonurus cardiaca ssp. cardiaca (common motherwort) Lespedeza capitata (round-headed bush clover) Lespedeza leptostachya (prairie bush clover) Liatris aspera (rough blazing star) Lithospermum canescens (hoary puccoon) Lithospermum occidentale (western marbleseed) Lobelia siphilitica (great blue lobelia) Lonicera morrowii (Morrow’s honeysuckle) Lonicera tatarica (Tartarian honeysuckle) Lycopus americanus (American bugleweed) Lycopus uniflorus var. uniflorus (northern bugleweed) Lygodesmia juncea (rush skeletonplant) Lysimachia ciliata (fringed loosestrife) Maianthemum canadense (Canada mayflower) Matricaria discoidea (pineapple-weed) Medicago lupulina (black medick) Medicago sativa ssp. sativa (alfalfa) Melilotus albus (white sweet clover) Melilotus officinalis (yellow sweet clover) Mentha arvensis (wild mint) Mimulus ringens var. ringens (Allegheny monkeyflower) Monarda fistulosa var. mollis (soft wild bergamot) Morus alba (white mulberry) Morus rubra (red mulberry) Nabalus racemosus (purple rattlesnake root) Nepeta cataria (catnip) Oenothera biennis (common evening primrose) Oenothera serrulata (toothed evening primrose) Oxalis stricta (yellow wood sorrel) Oxalis violacea (violet wood sorrel) Oxytropis lambertii var. lambertii (purple locoweed) Packera pseudaurea var. semicordata (falsegold groundsel) Parthenocissus vitacea (woodbine) Pastinaca sativa (wild parsnip) Pediomelum argophyllum (silverleaf scurfpea) Pediomelum esculentum (prairie turnip) Persicaria amphibia (water smartweed) Persicaria lapathifolia (curlytop knotweed) Persicaria maculosa (spotted lady’s thumb) Persicaria pensylvanica (Pennsylvania smartweed) Phalaris arundinacea (reed canary grass) Phleum pratense (timothy) Phlox pilosa ssp. fulgida (downy phlox) Phyla lanceolata (lance-leaf fog-fruit) Physalis virginiana var. virginiana (Virginia groundcherry) Physostegia virginiana (obedient plant) Pilea pumila (Canadian clearweed) Plantago major (common plantain) Plantago rugelii var. rugelii (black-seeded plantain) Populus deltoides ssp. molinifera (plains cottonwood) Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen) Prunus americana (American plum) Prunus virginiana var. virginiana (chokecherry) Pycnanthemum virginianum (Virginia mountain mint) Ratibida pinnata (gray-headed coneflower) Rhamnus cathartica (common buckthorn) Ribes americanum (American black currant) Rosa arkansana (prairie rose) Rubus occidentalis (black raspberry) Rudbeckia laciniata var. laciniata (cut-leaved coneflower) Rumex britannica (great water dock) Rumex crispus (curly dock) Salix interior (sandbar willow) Salix nigra (black willow) Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (American elderberry) Sanicula odorata (clustered black snakeroot) Schizachyrium scoparium var. scoparium (little bluestem) Scrophularia lanceolata (early figwort) Scutellaria lateriflora var. lateriflora (blue skullcap) Setaria faberi (giant foxtail) Setaria pumila ssp. pumila (yellow foxtail) Setaria viridis var. viridis (green foxtail) Silphium perfoliatum var. perfoliatum (cup plant) Sisyrinchium campestre (prairie blue-eyed grass) Solanum ptychanthum (eastern black nightshade) Solidago canadensis (Canada goldenrod) Solidago gigantea (giant goldenrod) Solidago nemoralis (gray goldenrod) Solidago ptarmicoides (prairie goldenrod) Solidago rigida ssp. rigida (stiff goldenrod) Solidago speciosa (showy goldenrod) Sonchus arvensis (field sow thistle) Sonchus asper (prickly sow thistle) Sonchus oleraceus (common sow thistle) Sorghastrum nutans (Indiangrass) Spartina pectinata (prairie cordgrass) Sporobolus heterolepis (prairie dropseed) Stachys pilosa var. arenicola (woundwort) Symphoricarpos occidentalis (wolfberry) Symphyotrichum ericoides var. ericoides (white heath aster) Symphyotrichum laeve (smooth blue aster) Symphyotrichum laeve var. geyeri (Geyer’s aster) Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (white panicled aster) Symphyotrichum novae-angliae (New England aster) Taraxacum officinale ssp. officinale (common dandelion) Teucrium canadense (American germander) Thalictrum dasycarpum (tall meadow rue) Thalictrum dioicum (early meadow rue) Tilia americana var. americana (American basswood) Toxicodendron rydbergii (western poison ivy) Tragopogon dubius (yellow goat’s beard) Trifolium hybridum (alsike clover) Trifolium pratense (red clover) Trifolium repens (white clover) Typha latifolia (broad-leaved cattail) Ulmus americana (American elm) Ulmus pumila (Siberian elm) Ulmus thomasii (rock elm) Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (stinging nettle) Verbascum thapsus ssp. thapsus (common mullein) Verbena bracteata (bracted vervain) Verbena hastata var. hastata (blue vervain) Verbena hastata var. scabra (blue vervain) Verbena stricta (hoary vervain) Verbena urticifolia (white vervain) Vernonia fasciculata ssp. corymbosa (western ironweed) Veronicastrum virginicum (Culver’s root) Viburnum lentago (nannyberry) Vicia americana ssp. americana (American vetch) Viola pedatifida var. pedatifida (prairie violet) Viola sororia (common blue violet) Vitis riparia (wild grape) Xanthium strumarium (rough cocklebur) Zizia aptera (heart-leaved golden alexanders) Zizia aurea (golden alexanders)

Reptiles	plains garter snake (Thamnophis radix)